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Submitted: 06 Dec 2019
Accepted: 22 Dec 2019
ePublished: 30 Dec 2019
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Avicenna J Dent Res. 2019;11(4): 111-115.
doi: 10.34172/ajdr.2019.22
  Abstract View: 1092
  PDF Download: 609

Original Article

Assessment of Parameters Influencing Physiologic Gingival Pigmentation Using a Novel Classification System

Saumya John 1* ORCID logo, K.V. Arun 2, Avaneendra Talwar 3, Prameetha George Ittycheria 4 ORCID logo, Sunu Alice Cherian 5 ORCID logo, Jasmine Clements 6

1 Department of Periodontics, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India.
2 Professor and Head of Department, Department of Periodontics, Ragas Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
3 Professor, Department of Periodontics, A.B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
4 Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India.
5 Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Ragas Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
6 Ragas Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
*Corresponding Author: Correspondence to Saumya John, Tel: +91469- 2645210 Email: , Email: drsaumyajohn85@gmail.com

Abstract

Background: Depigmentation has become an important treatment modality among the general population due to the growing esthetic concern about the pigmentation. Previous studies have not considered parameters such as anatomical distribution of gingiva, intensity of pigmentation, and skin color in their classification systems. The purpose of this study was to assess physiologic gingival pigmentation in individuals based on certain gingival parameters and their correlation with skin color for better treatment strategies using a new classification system.

Methods: The study was carried out in Ragas Dental College using a cross-sectional design. A total of 112 female dental students were examined for skin color and gingival parameters. The facial gingiva of upper anterior teeth was assessed for gingival phenotype, intensity and distribution of pigmentation. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data and the associations between variables were done using chi-square test (P < 0.05).

Results: It was found that skin color has a significant association with the intensity of pigmentation (P = 0.0001). In both dark and fair skinned individuals, Class II pigmentation (47%, 23.2%) with thick phenotype (62.5%, 35%) was most prevalent. Dark-skinned individuals were also found to have a generalized distribution of melanin pigmentation (19%) with high intensity of pigmentation (28.5%) predominantly. Fair-skinned individuals had a patchy distribution of melanin pigmentation with low intensity of pigmentation (37%).

Conclusions: The association of skin color with various parameters affecting gingival pigmentation can help in determining the depigmentation treatment strategies.


Citation: John S, Arun KV, Talwar A, Ittycheria PG, Cherian SA, Clements J. Assessment of Parameters Influencing Physiologic Gingival Pigmentation Using a Novel Classification System. Avicenna J Dent Res. 2019;11(4):111-115. doi: 10.34172/ajdr.2019.22.
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