Abstract
Background: Complete debridement is the major key to successful non-surgical endodontic treatment in teeth with periapical lesions. The missed canals serve as a harbor for bacteria and the irritant factors that lead to treatment failure. Most anatomical studies found that the maxillary lateral incisor is a single-rooted tooth. Most cases reported about the maxillary lateral incisors with two roots are the result of fusion or gemination and are usually accompanied by an enlarged crown. However, a few studies reported that the crown dimensions were normal. Knowing this unusual anatomy helps clinicians to treat patients more efficiently with less chance of failure.
Case Presentation: This case report describes successful endodontic management of an uncommon variation of the maxillary lateral incisor with two root canals. Based on the clinical and radiographic findings, pulp necrosis and symptomatic apical periodontitis were diagnosed. The tooth received root canal treatment. The patient was followed up for 6 months and clinical and radiographic examinations in the follow-up sessions showed improvement in the periapical condition and the tooth became asymptomatic.
Conclusions: Due to the wide morphological variations in the root and the root canal system of the teeth, clinicians should have knowledge of any anatomical variation to minimize the risk of endodontic treatment failure following inadequate debridement of indistinguishable or inaccessible portions of the root canal system.